A truth table for this problem is shown below. Each of the four columns on the left represents one of the elements of the Herbrand base for this language. The three columns on the right represent our sentences.
p(a) |
p(b) |
q(a) |
q(b) |
p(a) ∨ p(b) |
∀x.(p(x) ⇒ q(x)) |
∃x.q(x) |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
Looking at the table, we see that there are twelve truth assignments that make the first sentence true, nine that make the second sentence true, twelve that make the third sentence true, and five that make them all true (rows 1, 5, 6, 9, and 11).
|